What is malware?
Malware (malicious software) are computer programs which can damage or steal our data. Why might someone want to do that?
Data theft
- After stealing our details, they could buy things with our account
- To steal money
- Steal company or government secrets
Damage our data
- To get revenge on the data’s owner
- Lock your computer and demand money for release
- To cause trouble
- To prevent customers using a business
Different types of malware
There are lots of different types of malware. They each have different characteristics and purposes. We'll look at the most common ones.
Virus
A program that attaches to files and spreads when opened, often deleting data or crashing systems.
Worm
A worm spreads on its own through networks, quickly filling up storage or slowing down entire systems.
Spyware
Secretly tracks what you do, steals your passwords, personal information, or online activity.
Spyware can even turn on your camera and microphone to secretly record you!
Adware
Adware fills your screen with annoying adverts. These are very annoying, can slow down your device, and lead you to unsafe websites.
Ransomware
Locks your files and demands money to unlock them. But even if you pay, it's unlikely you'll be given access to your files!
Trojan Horse
Looks like safe software, like a free game, but secretly gives hackers control of your device or access to your files.
Protecting against malware
You can protect your system by…
- Install anti-malware software to monitor and protect your device
- Keep your system and software updated
- Do not install software from untrusted sources
- Do not click links from untrusted sources